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Glossary of Notes and Internet Terms (sidebar)
ACL
- Access Control List. Notes feature that enables applications or users to record, manage, edit and view access rights to databases.
Active/X
- Reusable components that can be integrated into standalone applications or Web pages. Active/X controls are somewhat similar to Java applets in that their properties and behaviors can be exposed at run-time, but the Active/X controls are based on an entirely separate and proprietary Microsoft architectural model.
Agents
- Self-contained Notes programs usually written either in Java or LotusScript. Agents can be executed either by a Domino server or a Notes client, either under programmatic control within an application or by user selection from a menu or action bar.
Article
- A note or message posted to one or more USENET newsgroups. Newsgroup readers post articles in a newsgroup, and other readers can post replies to that article.
C News
- A news software program that allows a computer to operate as a USENET News Server.
Certificate
- A nontransferable, nonforgeable, digital file issued from a third party that both communicating parties already trust.
Certification Authority
- A third-party organization that issues digital files used for encrypted transactions.
CORBA
- Common Object Request Broker Architecture. A specification developed by a vendor-neutral organization for defining the creation, behavior and management of objects across multiple programming languages and operating systems.
Doclink
- Document Link. Notes feature that offers several mechanisms for linking documents to other documents, views or databases. In many cases, Domino can automatically translate doclinks into Web-style hyperlinks.
Domain Name System (DNS)
- A TCP/IP service that translates domain names to and from IP addresses. It is through the DNS that the domain name of every computer on the Internet gets mapped to its IP address so that each computer can communicate via the Internet.
FAQ
- Frequently Asked Questions. A document listing commonly asked questions and their answers. Typically, each newsgroup has a FAQ that answers questions readers have about or relating to that particular newsgroup. There are also FAQs that focus on questions new users have about newsgroups in general.
Firewall
- A network configuration, usually both hardware and software, that protects networked computers within an organization from outside access.
Flame
- A flame is when a newsgroup reader severely criticizes another reader by posting a follow-up article or sending a personal e-mail message.
Forms
- Notes feature that defines the structure of documents within a database as a collection of fields (text, rich text, graphics, and so on). Forms can be inherited, copied and replicated across databases or servers.
FTP
- File Transfer Protocol. The protocol used to transfer files from one computer to another. FTP also refers to the actual application used to move files using the FTP protocol.
Hierarchy
- Newsgroups are organized into different categories, or hierarchies. These hierarchies have distinct names and focus on different topics. For example, the
rec
hierarchy focuses on recreation topics. The newsgroup
rec.sports.tennis
specifically focuses on tennis as a recreational sport.
HTML
- Hypertext Markup Language. The language used to write World Wide Web documents, or pages. It is a subset of ISO SGML. HTML is evolving rapidly both formally and informally. A possible superset successor, XML, will allow greater layout precision and programmability.
HTTP
- Hypertext Transfer Protocol. The protocol used by the World Wide Web to transfer documents between clients and servers.
HTTPS
- A secure version of HTTP, implemented using the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL).
IIOP
- Intranet Inter-ORB Protocol. A companion to the CORBA work, IIOP ensures the interoperabiliy of CORBA objects by defining common methods for object communications.
IMAP
- Internet Message Access Protocol. A recent protocol, IMAP is expected to become a standard that replaces POP3. IMAP is especially strong in managing server storage, distribution and views of mail across servers, desktops and mobile devices.
InterNetNews (INN)
- A news software program that allows a computer to operate as a USENET News Server.
Internet
- A group of networks that are connected to each other and span the world. Mostly, the Internet uses the IP protocol and other similar protocols. Through the Internet, users have access to services such as e-mail, file transfer, remote login, USENET news, the World Wide Web, WAIS, and Gopher.
Internet Protocol (IP)
- The main protocol used to transfer information packets back and forth on the Internet.
Internet Service Provider (ISP)
- A commercial organization that provides you with services to connect to the Internet.
Java
- An object-oriented programming language, originally developed by Sun Microsystems, that resembles a simplified C++. Designed with full support for network computing and concurrent threads, Java is expected to play a major role in the creation of network-distributed programs and applets in coming years.
JavaBeans
- A product released by Lotus to support end-user definition and assembly of Java applets, supported by a wide variety of onboard components.
JavaScript
- A compact, object-based scripting language, designed by Netscape, that supports browser scripting. JavaScript is widely supported, though not standardized.
LDAP
- Lightweight Directory Access Protocol. A network protocol that enables applications to gain access to directories across products from multiple vendors.
MIME
- Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions. A standard that enables users to send multiple kinds of binary data (video, sound files, and so on) as attachments to an e-mail message.
MTA
- Message Transfer Agent. A component defined at the server level to prescribe routing between domains and servers.
News feed
- The transfer of news from one News Server to another.
Newsgroup
- An Internet forum that resembles an electronic bulletin board, where readers can read, post, and reply to articles posted by other newsgroup readers.
Newsreader
- A program that allows you to read newsgroups. Many Web browsers provide the same functionality.
News Server
- A machine running news software, such as C News or InterNetNews (INN), that allows news feeds. You can have your own News Server at your site, or you can subscribe to a commercial News Server, known as an Internet Service Provider.
NNTP
- Network News Transfer Protocol. The standard protocol for exchanging newsgroup articles over TCP/IP network connections.
Notes client
- The client computer that runs the Notes client software.
Notes server
- The server computer that runs the Notes server software.
Object Store
- The Notes object store contains and manages all Notes databases, views, forms and documents.
Packet
- A package of information that has been broken down by TCP in order to be transferred by IP. For example, if you post an article to a newsgroup, TCP breaks down your article into small packets of information that IP then transfers over the Internet.
PING
- Packet Internet Groper. A utility for testing network connections by sending packets to a remote computer and waiting for a response.
Posting
- An article or response sent to a newsgroup.
PPP
- Point-to-Point Protocol. A dial-up connection protocol that enables you to use a modem to connect to other modems on the Internet. PPP is similar to the Serial Line Internet Protocol (SLIP). But, unlike SLIP, PPP actually monitors and verifies Internet packets as they are sent.
Replication
- The process by which Notes databases, documents or fields can be synchronized at the server, desktop or mobile device level. Replication is often calibrated by application agents or events set by system administrators or users.
Router
- An intermediary device that transfers data between networks using the same network protocol. You can connect to an Internet Service Provider through a router.
RSA
- The most widely-known and standardized security protocol, named after the initials of its three co-developers.
SGML
- Standard Generalized Markup Language. A specification from which developers can define display-independent behaviors for documents. At run-time, a given system interprets SGML markup codes and displays the document in a manner compatible with the platform and device. HTML relies on the SGML model to manage one particular set of behaviors for documents that follow the HTML definition.
S-HTTP
- Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol. The proposed Internet protocol used for creating secure HTTP connections using Public Key technology.
SLIP
- Serial Line Internet Protocol. A dial-up connection protocol that enables you to use a modem to connect to other modems on the Internet.
S/MIME
- Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions. A standard that extends MIME (see "MIME" above) to wrap public key encryption around e-mail attachments.
SMTP
- Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. A TCP/IP protocol for formatting and sending e-mail on the Internet.
SOCKS
- Firewall software that connects from inside a firewall to the outside, when a direct connection would be prevented by the firewall software or hardware (for example, the router configuration).
SSL
- Secure Sockets Layer. A proposed open standard developed by Netscape Communications for encrypting HTTP connections. SSL support is provided primarily at the server-level. Most modern Web browsers can execute SSL sessions.
Subscribe
- To add a newsgroup to a user's list for receiving new articles.
TCP
- Transmission Control Protocol. One of the main protocols used on the Internet to break down data into individual packets of information that can be transferred using the Internet Protocol (IP).
telnet
- A protocol where two networked machines support terminal emulation for remote login.
URI
- Uniform Resource Identifier. A file identifier that provides an additional layer of security with an abbreviated URL. The first part of the URL is substituted with a URL mapping concealing the file's full pathname from the user.
URL
- Uniform Resource Locator. The World Wide Web address for a document, file, or other resource. It describes the protocol required to access the resource, the host where it can be found, and a path to the resource on that host.
USENET
- The worldwide group of computers that store and exchange news among other computers. The Internet connects most of the USENET computers together.
USENET Newsgroups
- Collections of discussion groups that reside on various News Server computers on the Internet. Newsgroups resemble electronic bulletin boards where readers read, post, and reply to articles posted by other newsgroup readers.
USENET News Server
- see News Server.
UUCP
- UNIX-to-UNIX Copy. Program is a standard protocol for exchanging newsgroup articles using asynchronous dial-up lines.
uudecode
and
uuencode
- Programs that convert files from text to binary. Both of these programs were developed as part of UUCP.
Unsubscribe
- To remove a newsgroup from a user's list for receiving articles. After unsubscribing, users can no longer view or read all the postings in that newsgroup.
Views
- A Notes feature that enables applications and users to define and categorize database documents for retrieval and display.
Web browser
- A client application that provides an interface to the World Wide Web. The Notes client fully integrates the Microsoft Internet Explorer component as well as its own Web Navigator.
Web server
- An HTTP server that stores the information accessible from a Web browser. The Domino Web server implements an HTTP task and other related support in addition to providing full Notes server support.
World Wide Web (WWW)
- The total set of interlinked hypertext documents residing on HTTP servers around the world. To access the Web, you use a Web browser that provides hypertext links to jump to information on many different Internet Web servers.
Copyright
1997 Iris Associates, Inc. All rights reserved.